279 lines
10 KiB
Markdown
279 lines
10 KiB
Markdown
# Zig Language Server
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Zig Language Server, or `zls`, is a language server for Zig. The Zig wiki states that "The Zig community is decentralized" and "There is no concept of 'official' or 'unofficial'", so instead of calling `zls` unofficial, and I'm going to call it a cool option, one of [many](https://github.com/search?q=zig+language+server).
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<!-- omit in toc -->
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## Table Of Contents
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- [Installation](#installation)
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- [Build Options](#build-options)
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- [Configuration Options](#configuration-options)
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- [Usage](#usage)
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- [VSCode](#vscode)
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- [Sublime Text 3](#sublime-text-3)
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- [Kate](#kate)
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- [Neovim/Vim8](#neovimvim8)
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- [Emacs](#emacs)
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- [Doom Emacs](#doom-emacs)
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- [Related Projects](#related-projects)
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- [License](#license)
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## Installation
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Installation starts with downloading an official release from the [Releases page](https://github.com/zigtools/zls/releases).
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See [Downloading and Building ZLS](https://github.com/zigtools/zls/wiki/Downloading-and-Building-ZLS) on the Wiki, or the page about [using ZLS with Visual Studio Code](https://github.com/zigtools/zls/wiki/Installing-for-Visual-Studio-Code) for a guide to help get `zls` running in your editor.
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### Installing binaries
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#### MacOS
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You can install the latest release into `$HOME/zls` using e.g.:
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```sh
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brew install xz
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mkdir $HOME/zls && cd $HOME/zls && curl -L https://github.com/zigtools/zls/releases/download/0.1.0/x86_64-macos.tar.xz | tar -xJ --strip-components=1 -C .
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```
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#### Linux
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You can install the latest release into `$HOME/zls` using e.g.:
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```
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sudo apt install xz-utils
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mkdir $HOME/zls && cd $HOME/zls && curl -L https://github.com/zigtools/zls/releases/download/0.1.0/x86_64-linux.tar.xz | tar -xJ --strip-components=1 -C .
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```
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### From Source
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Building `zls` is very easy. You will need [a build of Zig master](https://ziglang.org/download/) to build zls.
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```bash
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git clone --recurse-submodules https://github.com/zigtools/zls
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cd zls
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zig build -Drelease-safe
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zig build config # Configure ZLS
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```
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*For detailed building instructions, see the Wiki page about [Cloning With Git](https://github.com/zigtools/zls/wiki/Downloading-and-Building-ZLS#cloning-with-git).*
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#### Build Options
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<!-- When updating this table, be sure to copy changes to the Wiki page about building from source. -->
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<!-- If this table grows too large, then delete this one and move it all over to the Wiki page about building from source. -->
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| Option | Type | Default Value | What it Does |
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| --- | --- | --- | --- |
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| `-Ddata_version` | `string` (master, 0.7.0 or 0.7.1) | master | The data file version. This selects the files in the `src/data` folder that correspond to the Zig version being served.|
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### Configuration Options
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You can configure zls by running `zls config`.
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zls will look for a zls.json configuration file in multiple locations with the following priority:
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- In the local configuration folder of your OS (as provided by [known-folders](https://github.com/ziglibs/known-folders#folder-list))
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- In the global configuration folder of your OS (as provided by [known-folders](https://github.com/ziglibs/known-folders#folder-list))
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The following options are currently available.
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| Option | Type | Default value | What it Does |
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| --- | --- | --- | --- |
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| `enable_snippets` | `bool` | `false` | Enables snippet completions when the client also supports them. |
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| `zig_lib_path` | `?[]const u8` | `null` | zig library path, e.g. `/path/to/zig/lib/zig`, used to analyze std library imports. |
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| `zig_exe_path` | `?[]const u8` | `null` | zig executable path, e.g. `/path/to/zig/zig`, used to run the custom build runner. If `null`, zig is looked up in `PATH`. Will be used to infer the zig standard library path if none is provided. |
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| `warn_style` | `bool` | `false` | Enables warnings for style *guideline* mismatches |
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| `build_runner_path` | `?[]const u8` | `null` | Path to the build_runner.zig file provided by zls. `null` is equivalent to `${executable_directory}/build_runner.zig` |
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| `build_runner_cache_path` | `?[]const u8` | `null` | Path to a directroy that will be used as zig's cache when running `zig run build_runner.zig ...`. `null` is equivalent to `${KnownFloders.Cache}/zls` |
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| `enable_semantic_tokens` | `bool` | `true` | Enables semantic token support when the client also supports it. |
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| `operator_completions` | `bool` | `true` | Enables `*` and `?` operators in completion lists. |
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| `skip_std_references` | `bool` | `false` | When true, skips searching for references in std. Improves lookup speed for functions in user's code. Renaming and go-to-definition will continue to work as is.
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| `include_at_in_builtins` | `bool` | `false` | Most editors (except Sublime Text, it seems) generate a duplicate @ if a completion starts with it.
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| `max_detail_length` | `usize` | `1048576` | Completion detail fields are truncated to this length. Decrease if previews lag your editor.
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## Features
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`zls` supports most language features, including simple type function support, usingnamespace, payload capture type resolution, custom packages and others.
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Notable language features that are not currently implemented include `@cImport` as well as most forms of compile time evaluation.
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The following LSP features are supported:
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- Completions
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- Hover
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- Goto definition/declaration
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- Document symbols
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- Find references
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- Rename symbol
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- Formatting using `zig fmt`
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- Semantic token highlighting (LSP 3.16 proposed feature, implemented by a few clients including VSCode, kak and emacs lsp-mode)
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You can install `zls` using the instuctions for your text editor below:
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### VSCode
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Install the `zls-vscode` extension from [here](https://github.com/zigtools/zls-vscode/releases) and provide a path to the build `zls` executable.
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### Sublime Text 3
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- Install the `LSP` package from [here](https://github.com/sublimelsp/LSP/releases) or via Package Control.
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- Add this snippet to `LSP's` user settings:
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```json
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{
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"clients": {
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"zig":{
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"command": ["zls"],
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"enabled": true,
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"languageId": "zig",
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"scopes": ["source.zig"],
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"syntaxes": ["Packages/Zig Language/Syntaxes/Zig.tmLanguage"]
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}
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}
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}
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```
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### Kate
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- Enable `LSP client` plugin in Kate settings.
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- Add this snippet to `LSP client's` user settings (e.g. /$HOME/.config/kate/lspclient)
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(or paste it in `LSP client's` GUI settings)
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```json
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{
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"servers": {
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"zig": {
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"command": ["zls"],
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"url": "https://github.com/zigtools/zls",
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"highlightingModeRegex": "^Zig$"
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}
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}
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}
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```
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### Neovim/Vim8
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#### CoC
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- Install the CoC engine from [here](https://github.com/neoclide/coc.nvim).
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- Issue `:CocConfig` from within your Vim editor, and the following snippet:
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```json
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{
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"languageserver": {
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"zls" : {
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"command": "command_or_path_to_zls",
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"filetypes": ["zig"]
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}
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}
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}
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```
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#### YouCompleteMe
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- Install YouCompleteMeFrom [here](https://github.com/ycm-core/YouCompleteMe.git).
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- Add these lines to your vimrc:
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```vim
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"ensure zig is a recognized filetype
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autocmd BufNewFile,BufRead *.zig set filetype=zig
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let g:ycm_language_server =
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\ [
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\{
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\ 'name': 'zls',
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\ 'filetypes': [ 'zig' ],
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\ 'cmdline': [ '/path/to/zls_executable' ]
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\ }
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\ ]
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```
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#### nvim-lspconfig
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Requires Nvim 0.5 (HEAD)!
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- Install nvim-lspconfig from [here](https://github.com/neovim/nvim-lspconfig).
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- Install zig.vim from [here](https://github.com/ziglang/zig.vim).
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nvim-lspconfig already ships a configuration for zls. A simple `init.vim` might look like this:
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```vim
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call plug#begin('~/.config/nvim/plugged')
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Plug 'neovim/nvim-lspconfig'
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Plug 'nvim-lua/completion-nvim'
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Plug 'ziglang/zig.vim'
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call plug#end()
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:lua << EOF
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local lspconfig = require('lspconfig')
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local on_attach = function(_, bufnr)
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vim.api.nvim_buf_set_option(bufnr, 'omnifunc', 'v:lua.vim.lsp.omnifunc')
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require('completion').on_attach()
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end
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local servers = {'zls'}
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for _, lsp in ipairs(servers) do
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lspconfig[lsp].setup {
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on_attach = on_attach,
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}
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end
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EOF
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" Set completeopt to have a better completion experience
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set completeopt=menuone,noinsert,noselect
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" Enable completions as you type
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let g:completion_enable_auto_popup = 1
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```
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#### LanguageClient-neovim
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- Install the LanguageClient-neovim from [here](https://github.com/autozimu/LanguageClient-neovim)
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- Edit your neovim configuration and add `zls` for zig filetypes:
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```vim
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let g:LanguageClient_serverCommands = {
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\ 'zig': ['~/code/zls/zig-cache/bin/zls'],
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\ }
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```
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### Emacs
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- Install [lsp-mode](https://github.com/emacs-lsp/lsp-mode) from melpa
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- [zig mode](https://github.com/ziglang/zig-mode) is also useful
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```elisp
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;; Setup lsp-mode as desired.
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;; See https://emacs-lsp.github.io/lsp-mode/page/installation/ for more information.
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(require 'lsp-mode)
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;; Either place zls in your PATH or add the following:
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(setq lsp-zig-zls-executable "<path to zls>")
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```
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### Doom Emacs
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- Enable the `lsp` module
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- Install the [zig-mode](https://github.com/ziglang/zig-mode) package (add `(package! zig-mode)` to your `packages.el` file
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```elisp
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(use-package! zig-mode
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:hook ((zig-mode . lsp-deferred))
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:custom (zig-format-on-save nil)
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:config
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(after! lsp-mode
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(add-to-list 'lsp-language-id-configuration '(zig-mode . "zig"))
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(lsp-register-client
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(make-lsp-client
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:new-connection (lsp-stdio-connection "<path to zls>")
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:major-modes '(zig-mode)
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:server-id 'zls))))
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```
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## Related Projects
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- [`sublime-zig-language` by @prime31](https://github.com/prime31/sublime-zig-language)
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- Supports basic language features
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- Uses data provided by `src/data` to perform builtin autocompletion
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- [`zig-lsp` by @xackus](https://github.com/xackus/zig-lsp)
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- Inspiration for `zls`
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- [`known-folders` by @ziglibs](https://github.com/ziglibs/known-folders)
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- Provides API to access known folders on Linux, Windows and Mac OS
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## License
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MIT
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